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Sunday, May 22, 2011

Ba-wan肉圓(Taiwanese Meatballs)



Ba-wan (traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: roù yuán; Wade–Giles: jou4-yüan2; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bah-ôan; literally "meat circle") is a Taiwanese snack food, consisting of a 6-8 cm diameter disk-shaped translucent dough filled with a savory stuffing and served with a sweet and savory sauce. The stuffing varies widely according to different regions in Taiwan, but usually consists of a mixture of pork, bamboo shoots, and shiitake mushrooms. Changhua-style ba-wan is considered to be the "standard" ba-wan as it is the most famous and most widely imitated of all styles of ba-wan.

The gelatinous dough is made of a combination of corn starch, sweet potato starch, and rice flour, which gives it its chewy, sticky, and gelatinous texture and a greyish translucent hue. Ba-wan are initially cooked by steaming; however, they may also be served after being deep fried to give them a "skin" or gently poached in oil to heat them without drying them out.

History

It is believed that ba-wan were first prepared in the Beidou township of Taiwan by a student by the name Fàn Wànjū () as food for disaster relief during the late Qing dynasty (1644 – 1912), when the Beidou region was struck by heavy floods. Since then, ba-wan had spread to different regions of Taiwan and is now considered by many as a national food.

肉圓是一種台灣的特色小吃,名稱得自於外觀,一般為直徑6~8公分左右的半透明扁圓形,是一種以地瓜粉、太白粉等材料作成的半透明肉圓皮包裹豬肉與其他配料的食品。

發源

相傳肉圓是在北斗地區的寺廟擔任文筆生范萬居先生所創,經過第二代范媽意以扁擔沿街叫賣,再由第三代范龍生研發創新,現由第四代傳人范振森(北斗肉圓生)及范振忠(范氏肉圓生)經營,達百年歷史。當時北斗地區發生水災,范萬居將地瓜曬乾,磨成粉後揉成團狀,再煮熟給災民食用,並未包肉。
後來又經過改良,加入豬肉、筍子等配料,逐漸發展成現今為人所熟知的肉圓,並且流傳到台灣各地,也產生了各地不同用料與做法的特色肉圓。

各地特色

比較有名的幾種肉圓有彰化肉圓北斗肉圓新竹肉圓台中肉圓埔里肉圓台南肉圓高雄肉圓屏東肉圓紅糟肉圓等等,實物的大小與使用材料都有頗多差異,但是調理方式多為以油加溫(並非炸)或,亦或兩者並用,食用時會同時淋上甜與鹹兩種醬汁和少許蒜泥芫荽,是台灣的庶民小吃。

肉圓的名稱在台灣也有地區差異,如有的地方把肉圓叫做「肉丸」。在鹿港,肉圓則是稱為「肉回」,這是由於肉圓的組成是由肉圓皮包著裡面的肉塊,形狀很像「回」這個字;此外,肉圓起鍋時,調理者會用叉子把肉圓上的油撥回油鍋,因此得名。

彰化肉圓

彰化肉圓是台灣彰化縣的特產,相傳是由位於彰化市的一名肉圓攤業者吳許水桃所創。肉圓外皮多以甘薯粉製作,內餡視各家口味不同而有差異,但多數店家用豬後腿肉製成的絞肉,佐以香菇為主。調理方法先將肉圓連同容器放入蒸籠蒸熟,固定外型,待食用時,再油炸而成。

新竹肉圓

外皮特色是皮有透明感且有咬勁,主要以在來米的米漿佐以蕃薯粉跟太白粉製成。它另外一項更為顯著的特色就是內餡以紅糟調味,豬肉餡料佐以紅糟、糖跟醬油,再加上剁碎的青蔥,就是新竹肉圓的基本餡料。調理時會將餡料包入米漿中,然後先蒸再炸,起鍋後佐以醬油、辣椒醬等調味,是新竹居民平日常吃的小吃之一。

北斗肉圓

北斗肉圓跟彰化肉圓最大的不同在於外觀與內餡。兩者的料理方式一樣是油炸,但北斗肉圓外型較小,為三角形;且內餡只使用竹筍豬肉。製作過程完全手工,先捏出外觀近似寶島形狀後,以高溫蒸氣蒸熟後即可食用,再經過油炸後口感更佳。

屏東肉圓

起源於屏東而得名,並且與其他肉圓的做法有些不同,因此聞名。
屏東肉圓是台灣最早以「」的方式調理的肉圓,內餡以生豬肉加上其他調味料,外皮則以在來米漿和地瓜粉揉成圓狀,再送入蒸籠裡蒸熟,再淋上甜鹹醬即可食用。一般會習慣吃完後用殘汁殘肉再去盛清湯來喝。

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